Protecting Our Democracy Act

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [S. 2838 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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119th CONGRESS 1st Session S. 2838

To protect our democracy by preventing abuses of Presidential power, restoring checks and balances and accountability and transparency in government, and defending elections against foreign interference, and for other purposes.

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IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

September 17 (legislative day, September 16), 2025

Mr. Schiff (for himself, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Kim, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. Padilla, Mr. Gallego, Ms. Alsobrooks, Mr. Sanders, and Ms. Hirono) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs

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A BILL

To protect our democracy by preventing abuses of Presidential power, restoring checks and balances and accountability and transparency in government, and defending elections against foreign interference, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``Protecting Our Democracy Act''.

SEC. 2. ORGANIZATION OF ACT INTO DIVISIONS; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

(a) Divisions.--This Act is organized into divisions as follows: (1) Division A--Preventing Abuses of Presidential Power. (2) Division B--Restoring Checks and Balances, Accountability, and Transparency. (3) Division C--Miscellaneous. (4) Division D--Severability. (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title. Sec. 2. Organization of Act into divisions; table of contents. DIVISION A--PREVENTING ABUSES OF PRESIDENTIAL POWER

TITLE XI--ABUSE OF THE PARDON POWER PREVENTION

Sec. 1101. Short title. Sec. 1102. Congressional oversight relating to certain pardons. Sec. 1103. Bribery in connection with pardons and commutations. Sec. 1104. Prohibition on presidential self-pardon. Sec. 1105. Financial disclosure reports by pardon recipients. TITLE XII--ENSURING NO PRESIDENT IS ABOVE THE LAW

Sec. 1201. Short title. Sec. 1202. Tolling of statute of limitations. Sec. 1203. Contracts by the President, the Vice President, or a cabinet member. Sec. 1204. Forfeiture of benefits for former Presidents convicted of a felony. TITLE XIII--ENFORCEMENT OF THE FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC EMOLUMENTS CLAUSES OF THE CONSTITUTION

Sec. 1301. Short title. Sec. 1302. Definitions. Sec. 1303. Prohibition on acceptance of foreign and domestic emoluments. Sec. 1304. Civil actions by Congress concerning foreign emoluments. Sec. 1305. Disclosures concerning foreign and domestic emoluments. Sec. 1306. Enforcement authority of the Director of the Office of Government Ethics. Sec. 1307. Jurisdiction of the Office of Special Counsel. Sec. 1308. Rulemaking for ethics requirements for legal expense funds. Sec. 1309. Limitations and disclosure of certain donations to, and disbursments by, Inaugural Committees. TITLE XIV--INVESTIGATIVE INTEGRITY PROTECTION

Sec. 1401. Short title. Sec. 1402. Presidential oversight of Attorney General. DIVISION B--RESTORING CHECKS AND BALANCES, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND TRANSPARENCY

TITLE XXI--ENFORCEMENT OF CONGRESSIONAL SUBPOENAS

Sec. 2101. Short title. Sec. 2102. Enforcement of congressional subpoenas. Sec. 2103. Compliance with congressional subpoenas. Sec. 2104. Rule of construction. Sec. 2105. Enforcement of requests for information from certain committees of Congress. TITLE XXII--REASSERTING CONGRESSIONAL POWER OF THE PURSE

Sec. 2201. Short title. Subtitle A--Strengthening Congressional Control and Review To Prevent Impoundment

Sec. 2221. Strengthening congressional control. Sec. 2222. Strengthening congressional review. Sec. 2223. Updated authorities for and reporting by the Comptroller General. Sec. 2224. Advance congressional notification and litigation. Sec. 2225. Penalties for failure to comply with the Impoundment Control Act of 1974. Subtitle B--Strengthening Transparency and Reporting

PART 1--Funds Management and Reporting to the Congress

Sec. 2241. Expired balance reporting in the President's budget. Sec. 2242. Cancelled balance reporting in the President's budget. Sec. 2243. Lapse in appropriations--reporting in the President's budget. Sec. 2244. Transfer and other repurposing authority reporting in the President's budget. PART 2--Empowering Congressional Review Through Nonpartisan Congressional Agencies and Transparency Initiatives

Sec. 2251. Requirement to respond to requests for information from the Comptroller General for budget and appropriations law decisions. Sec. 2252. Reporting requirements for Antideficiency Act violations. Sec. 2253. Department of Justice reporting to Congress for Antideficiency Act violations. Sec. 2254. Publication of budget or appropriations law opinions of the Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel. Sec. 2255. Treatment of requests for information from Members of Congress. Subtitle C--Strengthening Congressional Role in and Oversight of Emergency Declarations and Designations

Sec. 2261. Improving checks and balances on the use of the National Emergencies Act. Sec. 2262. National Emergencies Act declaration spending reporting in the President's budget. Sec. 2263. Disclosure to Congress of presidential emergency action documents. Sec. 2264. Congressional designations. TITLE XXIII--SECURITY FROM POLITICAL INTERFERENCE IN JUSTICE

Sec. 2301. Short title. Sec. 2302. Definitions. Sec. 2303. Communications logs. Sec. 2304. Rule of construction. TITLE XXIV--PROTECTING WHISTLEBLOWERS

Sec. 2401. Short title. Subtitle A--Whistleblower Protection Improvement

Sec. 2421. Additional whistleblower protections. Sec. 2422. Enhancement of whistleblower protections. Sec. 2423. Classifying certain furloughs as adverse personnel actions. Sec. 2424. Codification of protections for disclosures of censorship related to research, analysis, or technical information. Sec. 2425. Title 5 technical and conforming amendments. Subtitle B--Whistleblowers of the Intelligence Community

Sec. 2441. Limitation on sharing of intelligence community whistleblower complaints with persons named in such complaints. Sec. 2442. Disclosures to Congress. Sec. 2443. Prohibition against disclosure of whistleblower identity as reprisal against whistleblower disclosure by employees and contractors in intelligence community. TITLE XXV--ACCOUNTABILITY FOR ACTING OFFICIALS

Sec. 2501. Short title. Sec. 2502. Clarification of Federal Vacancies Reform Act of 1998. TITLE XXVI--STRENGTHENING HATCH ACT ENFORCEMENT AND PENALTIES

Sec. 2601. Short title. Subtitle A--Strengthening Hatch Act Enforcement and Penalties

Sec. 2621. Strengthening Hatch Act enforcement and penalties against political appointees. Sec. 2622. Including Executive Office of the President under limitation on nepotism in the civil service. Sec. 2623. Disclosure of Hatch Act investigations for certain political employees. Sec. 2624. Clarification on candidates visiting Federal property. Sec. 2625. Applying Hatch Act to President and Vice President while on Federal property. Sec. 2626. Granting the Office of Special Counsel rulemaking authority. Sec. 2627. Greater accountability for political appointees. Sec. 2628. Investigating former political employees. Sec. 2629. GAO review of reimbursable political events. Subtitle B--Strengthening Ethics Enforcement and Penalties for Federal Executive Employees

Sec. 2641. Definitions. Sec. 2642. Ethics pledge. Sec. 2643. Waivers. Sec. 2644. Administration. Sec. 2645. Enforcement. Sec. 2646. General provisions. TITLE XXVII--PRESIDENTIAL AND VICE PRESIDENTIAL TAX TRANSPARENCY

Sec. 2701. Presidential and vice presidential tax transparency. TITLE XXVIII--BRINGING EXECUTIVE ACCOUNTABILITY, CLARITY, AND OVERSIGHT

Sec. 2801. Short title. Sec. 2802. Office of Inspector General in the Executive Office of the President. DIVISION C--MISCELLANEOUS

TITLE XXXI--REPORTING FOREIGN INTERFERENCE IN ELECTIONS

Sec. 3101. Federal campaign reporting of foreign contacts. Sec. 3102. Federal campaign foreign contact reporting compliance system. Sec. 3103. Criminal penalties. Sec. 3104. Report to congressional intelligence committees. Sec. 3105. Rule of construction. TITLE XXXII--ELIMINATING FOREIGN INTERFERENCE IN ELECTIONS

Sec. 3201. Clarification of application of foreign money ban. Sec. 3202. Requiring acknowledgment of foreign money ban by political committees. Sec. 3203. Prohibition on contributions and donations by foreign nationals in connections with ballot initiatives and referenda. TITLE XXXIII--HONEST ADS

Sec. 3301. Short title. Sec. 3302. Expansion of definition of public communication. Sec. 3303. Expansion of definition of electioneering communication. Sec. 3304. Application of disclaimer statements to online communications. Sec. 3305. Political record requirements for online platforms. Sec. 3306. Preventing contributions, expenditures, independent expenditures, and disbursements for electioneering communications by foreign nationals in the form of online advertising. Sec. 3307. Requiring online platforms to display notices identifying sponsors of political advertisements and to ensure notices continue to be present when advertisements are shared. TITLE XXXIV--PREVENTING A PATRONAGE SYSTEM

Sec. 3401. Short title. Sec. 3402. Limitations on excepting positions from competitive service and transferring positions. TITLE XXXV--USE OF FEDERAL PROPERTY; VISITOR RECORDS

Sec. 3501. Prohibition on use of Federal property for political conventions. Sec. 3502. Improving access to influential visitor access records. TITLE XXXVI--NO CORPORATE CROOKS

Sec. 3601. Short title. Sec. 3602. Restriction on service in the executive branch. TITLE XXXVII--RECUSAL OF EXECUTIVE BRANCH OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES

Sec. 3701. Short title. Sec. 3702. Recusal of executive branch officers and employees in matters affecting financial interests of previous employers. TITLE XXXVIII--CLARIFICATION OF DEFINITION OF OFFICIAL ACT

Sec. 3801. Short title. Sec. 3802. Clarification of definition of official act. DIVISION D--SEVERABILITY

TITLE XLI--SEVERABILITY

Sec. 4101. Severability.

DIVISION A--PREVENTING ABUSES OF PRESIDENTIAL POWER

TITLE XI--ABUSE OF THE PARDON POWER PREVENTION

SEC. 1101. SHORT TITLE.

This title may be cited as the ``Abuse of the Pardon Power Prevention Act''.

SEC. 1102. CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT RELATING TO CERTAIN PARDONS.

(a) Submission of Information.--Not later than 30 days after the date on which the President grants an individual a pardon for a covered offense, the Attorney General shall submit to the chair and ranking member of each appropriate congressional committee-- (1) all materials obtained or produced by the prosecution team, including the Attorney General and any United States Attorney, and all materials obtained or prepared by any investigative agency of the Federal Government, relating to the offense for which the individual was pardoned; and (2) all materials obtained or produced by the Department of Justice in relation to the pardon. (b) Treatment of Information.--Rule 6(e) of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure may not be construed to prohibit the disclosure of information required by subsection (a) of this section. (c) Definitions.--In this section: (1) Appropriate congressional committee.--The term ``appropriate congressional committee'' means-- (A) the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives; and (B) if an investigation relates to intelligence or counterintelligence matters, the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives. (2) Covered offense.--The term ``covered offense'' means-- (A) an offense against the United States that arises from an investigation in which a target or subject is-- (i) the President; (ii) a relative of the President; (iii) a former President; (iv) any individual who is serving or previously served as a political appointee (as defined in section 1216(f)(6) of title 5, United States Code, as added by title XXVI of this Act) under the President; (v) any individual who was an employee of an authorized committee (as defined in section 301(6) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101(6))) of the President for any election to the office of President; or (vi) in the case of an offense motivated by a direct and significant personal or pecuniary interest of any individual described in clause (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), or (v), any person or entity; (B) an offense under section 102 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (2 U.S.C. 192); or (C) an offense under section 1001, 1505, 1512, or 1621 of title 18, United States Code, if the offense occurred in relation to a congressional proceeding or investigation. (3) Pardon.--The term ``pardon'' includes a commutation of a sentence. (4) Relative.--The term ``relative'', with respect to the President, means-- (A) a family member (as defined in section 1635.3(a) of title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation) of the President who is a first-degree relative, second-degree relative, or third-degree relative (as those terms are defined in such section 1635.3(a) or any successor regulation) of the President; or (B) a spouse of a family member described in subparagraph (A).

SEC. 1103. BRIBERY IN CONNECTION WITH PARDONS AND COMMUTATIONS.

Section 201 of title 18, United States Code, is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)-- (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, including the President and the Vice President of the United States,'' after ``or an officer or employee or person''; and (B) in paragraph (2)-- (i) by striking ``means any person'' and inserting the following: means-- `` ``(A) any person''; (ii) by striking ``and'' at the end; and (iii) by adding at the end the following: ``(B) any person who is an apparent successful candidate for the office of President, as determined under section 3(c) of the Presidential Transition Act of 1963 (3 U.S.C. 102 note; Public Law 88-277) and has not yet assumed the office of President; and ``(C) any person who is an apparent successful candidate for the office of Vice President, as determined under section 3(c) of the Presidential Transition Act of 1963 (3 U.S.C. 102 note; Public Law 88-277) and has not yet assumed the office of Vice President; and''; and (2) in subsection (b)(3), by inserting ``(including, for purposes of this paragraph, any pardon, commutation, or reprieve, or an offer of any such pardon, commutation, or reprieve)'' after ``corruptly gives, offers, or promises anything of value''.

SEC. 1104. PROHIBITION ON PRESIDENTIAL SELF-PARDON.

The President's grant of a pardon to himself or herself is void and of no effect, and shall not deprive the courts of jurisdiction, or operate to confer on the President any legal immunity from investigation or prosecution.

SEC. 1105. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE REPORTS BY PARDON RECIPIENTS.

(a) Definitions.--In this section: (1) Covered individual.--The term ``covered individual'' means an individual who is granted a pardon by the President on or after the date of enactment of this Act. (2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of the Office of Government Ethics. (3) Gift.--The term ``gift''-- (A) has the meaning given the term in section 2635.203(b) of title 5, Code of Federal Regulations, as in effect on the date of enactment of this Act; and (B) includes any gift that is solicited or accepted indirectly, as defined in section 2635.203(f) of title 5, Code of Federal Regulations, as in effect on the date of enactment of this Act. (4) Pardon.--The term ``pardon'' includes a commutation of a sentence. (b) Requirement.-- (1) In general.-- (A) Submissions through online portal.-- (i) Initial report.--Except as provided in subparagraph (B), if a covered individual gave a gift to the President who granted the covered individual a pardon during the 365-day period before the date on which the pardon was granted, not later than 30 days after the date on which the pardon is granted, the covered individual shall submit to the Director, through the online portal established under subsection (c), a financial disclosure report with respect to each gift that, during the 365- day period preceding the date on which the pardon was granted, the covered individual gave to the President who granted the pardon. (ii) Continuing reports.--Except as provided in subparagraph (B), if a covered individual gives a gift to the President who granted the covered individual a pardon on or after the date on which the pardon is granted, not later than May 15 of each year during the 5-year period following the date on which the pardon is granted, the covered individual shall submit to the Director, through the online portal established under subsection (c), a financial disclosure report with respect to each gift that, during the 365-day period preceding the date of each report, the covered individual gave to the President who granted the pardon. (B) Submissions prior to online portal.--Any report required to be submitted under clause (i) or (ii) of subparagraph (A) during the period before the Director has established the online portal pursuant to subsection (c) shall be submitted in such form and manner as the Director may require. (2) Contents.--Each financial disclosure report submitted under paragraph (1) shall include, which respect to each gift required to be reported-- (A) the date on which the covered individual gave the gift to the President; (B) a description of the gift; and (C) the value of the gift. (c) Online Submission.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall establish an online portal on the internet website of the Office of Government Ethics through which covered individuals shall submit the financial disclosure reports required under subsection (b). (d) Publication of Financial Disclosure Reports.--The Director shall publish in a searchable format on the publicly accessible internet website of the Office of Government Ethics each financial disclosure report submitted in accordance with subsection (b) not later than 15 days after the date on which the financial disclosure report is submitted.

TITLE XII--ENSURING NO PRESIDENT IS ABOVE THE LAW

SEC. 1201. SHORT TITLE.

This title may be cited as the ``No President is Above the Law Act''.

SEC. 1202. TOLLING OF STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS.

(a) Offenses Committed by the President or Vice President During or Prior to Tenure in Office.--Section 3282 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(c) Offenses Committed by the President or Vice President During or Prior to Tenure in Office.--In the case of any person serving in the office of President or Vice President, the duration of that person's tenure in such office shall not be considered for purposes of any period of limitations applicable to any Federal criminal offense committed by that person (including any offense committed during any period of time preceding such tenure in office).''. (b) Applicability.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply to any offense committed before the date of enactment of this section, if the period of limitations applicable to that offense had not run as of such date. (c) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be construed to preclude the indictment or prosecution of a person serving in the office of President or Vice President, during that person's tenure in such office, for a violation of the criminal laws of the United States.

SEC. 1203. CONTRACTS BY THE PRESIDENT, THE VICE PRESIDENT, OR A CABINET MEMBER.

(a) Amendment.--Section 431 of title 18, United States Code, is amended-- (1) in the section heading, by inserting ``the President, the Vice President, a Cabinet Member, or a'' after ``Contracts by''; and (2) in the first undesignated paragraph, by inserting ``the President, the Vice President, in a position at level I of the Executive Schedule under section 5312 of title 5,'' after ``Whoever, being''. (b) Table of Sections Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 23 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 431 and inserting the following:

``431. Contracts by the President, the Vice President, a Cabinet Member, or a Member of Congress.''.

SEC. 1204. FORFEITURE OF BENEFITS FOR FORMER PRESIDENTS CONVICTED OF A FELONY.

The first section of the Act entitled ``An Act to provide retirement, clerical assistants, and free mailing privileges to former Presidents of the United States, and for other purposes'', approved August 25, 1958 (commonly known as the ``Former Presidents Act of 1958''; 3 U.S.C. 102 note), is amended-- (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``Each former President'' and inserting ``Subject to subsection (h), each former President''; (2) in subsection (f), by striking paragraph (2) and inserting: ``(2) who has not been impeached by the House of Representatives and convicted by the Senate pursuant to the impeachment; and''; and (3) by adding at the end the following new subsection: ``(h)(1) If a former President is finally convicted of a felony for which every act or omission that is needed to satisfy the elements of the felony is committed during or after the period such former President holds the office of President, or was finally convicted of such a felony while holding such office-- ``(A) no monetary allowance under subsection (a) may be provided to such former President; ``(B) no funds may be obligated or expended under subsection (g) with respect to such former President except to the extent necessary to maintain the security of such former President, as determined by the Director of the Secret Service; and ``(C) such former President shall repay any amounts received under subsection (a) during the period beginning on the date on which such former President is initially convicted of the felony and ending on the date such former President is finally convicted of the felony. ``(2) The term `finally convicted' means a conviction-- ``(A) which has not been appealed and is no longer appealable because the time for taking an appeal has expired; or ``(B) which has been appealed and the appeals process for which is completed.''.

TITLE XIII--ENFORCEMENT OF THE FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC EMOLUMENTS CLAUSES OF THE CONSTITUTION

SEC. 1301. SHORT TITLE.

This title may be cited as the ``Foreign and Domestic Emoluments Enforcement Act''.

SEC. 1302. DEFINITIONS.

In this title: (1) Emolument.--The term ``emolument'' means any profit, gain, or advantage, including any payment arising from a commercial transaction at fair market value, that is received directly or indirectly from any government of a foreign country, the Federal Government, or any State or local government, or from any instrumentality thereof. (2) Government of a foreign country.--The term ``government of a foreign country'' has the meaning given the term in section 1(e) of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended (22 U.S.C. 611(e)). (3) Person holding any office of profit or trust under the united states.--The term ``person holding any office of profit or trust under the United States'' includes-- (A) the President; and (B) the Vice President. (4) State.--The term ``State'' means each of the several States of the United States, the District of Columbia, or any territory or possession of the United States.

SEC. 1303. PROHIBITION ON ACCEPTANCE OF FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC EMOLUMENTS.

(a) Foreign.-- (1) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in section 7342 of title 5, United States Code, it shall be unlawful for any person holding any office of profit or trust under the United States to accept from a government of a foreign country, without first obtaining the consent of Congress, any present or emolument, or any office or title. (2) Application.--The prohibition under paragraph (1) shall apply without regard to whether the present, emolument, office, or title is-- (A) provided directly or indirectly by the government of a foreign country or an instrumentality thereof; or (B) provided to the person holding any office of profit or trust under the United States or to any private business interest of that person. (b) Domestic.-- (1) In general.--It shall be unlawful for the President to accept from the United States, or a State, any emolument other than the compensation for services of the President as President provided for by Federal law. (2) Application.--The prohibition under paragraph (1) shall apply without regard to whether the emolument is-- (A) provided directly or indirectly; or (B) provided to the President or to any private business interest of the President.

SEC. 1304. CIVIL ACTIONS BY CONGRESS CONCERNING FOREIGN EMOLUMENTS.

(a) Cause of Action.--The Senate or the House of Representatives may bring a civil action against any person for a violation of section 1303(a). (b) Special Rules.--In any civil action described in subsection (a), the following rules shall apply: (1) The action shall be filed before the United States District Court for the District of Columbia. (2) The action shall be heard by a three-judge court convened pursuant to section 2284 of title 28, United States Code. It shall be the duty of such court to advance on the docket and to expedite to the greatest possible extent the disposition of any such action. Such action shall be reviewable only by appeal directly to the Supreme Court of the United States. Such appeal shall be taken by the filing of a notice of appeal within 10 days, and the filing of a jurisdictional statement within 30 days, of the entry of the final decision. (3) It shall be the duty of the Supreme Court of the United States to advance on the docket and to expedite to the greatest possible extent the disposition of any such action and appeal. (c) Remedy.--If the court determines that a violation of section 1303(a) has occurred, the court shall issue an order enjoining the course of conduct found to constitute the violation, and such of the following as are appropriate: (1) The disgorgement of the value of any present or emolument from the government of a foreign country. (2) The surrender of the physical present or emolument to the Department of State, which shall, if practicable, dispose of the present or emolument and deposit the proceeds into the United States Treasury. (3) The renunciation of any office or title accepted in violation of such subsection. (4) A prohibition on the use or holding of such an office or title. (5) Such other relief as the court determines appropriate. (d) Use of Government Funds Prohibited.--No appropriated funds, funds provided from any accounts in the United States Treasury, funds derived from the collection of fees, or any other Government funds shall be used to pay any disgorgement imposed by the court pursuant to this section.

SEC. 1305. DISCLOSURES CONCERNING FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC EMOLUMENTS.

(a) Disclosures.--Section 13104(a) of title 5, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(9) Foreign emoluments.--Any present, emolument, office, or title received from a government of a foreign country (as defined in section 1(e) of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended (22 U.S.C. 611(e))), including the source, date, type, and amount or value of each present or emolument accepted on or before the date of filing during the preceding calendar year. ``(10) Business interests receiving foreign emoluments.-- Each business interest that is reasonably expected to result in the receipt of any present or emolument from a government of a foreign country (as defined in section 1(e) of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended (22 U.S.C. 611(e))) during the current calendar year. ``(11) Emoluments from united states.--The President shall report-- ``(A) any emolument received from the United States, or a State, other than the compensation for services of the President as President provided for by Federal law, including the source, date, type, and amount or value of each emolument accepted on or before the date of filing during the preceding calendar year; and ``(B) any business interest that is reasonably expected to result in the receipt of any emolument from the United States or a State.''. (b) Reporting Requirements Relating to Spouses and Dependent Children.--Section 13104(e)(1) of title 5, United States Code, is amended-- (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by inserting ``and paragraphs (9) through (11)'' after ``(5)''; and (2) by inserting after subparagraph (F) the following: ``(G) Foreign emoluments.--In the case of items described in paragraphs (9) and (10) of subsection (a), all information required to be reported under those paragraphs. ``(H) Emoluments from united states.--In the case of-- ``(i) items described in paragraph (11)(A) of subsection (a), any such items received by spouse or dependent child of the President other than items related to the services of the President as President provided for by Federal law; and ``(ii) items described in paragraph (11)(B) of subsection (a), all information required to be reported under that paragraph.''. (c) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in the amendments made by this section shall be construed to affect the prohibition against the acceptance of presents and emoluments under section 1303.

SEC. 1306. ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITY OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE OFFICE OF GOVERNMENT ETHICS.

(a) General Authority.--Section 13122(a) of title 5, United States Code, is amended-- (1) by striking ``The Director'' and inserting the following: ``(1) In general.--The Director''; and (2) by adding at the end the following: ``(2) Overall direction.--The Director shall-- ``(A) provide overall direction of executive branch policies related to compliance with the Foreign and Domestic Emoluments Enforcement Act, and the amendments made by that Act; and ``(B) shall have the authority, with respect to the Foreign and Domestic Emoluments Enforcement Act, and the amendments made by that Act, to-- ``(i) issue administrative fines to individuals for violations; ``(ii) order individuals to take corrective action, including disgorgement, divestiture, and recusal, as the Director deems necessary; and ``(iii) bring civil actions to enforce such fines and orders.''. (b) Specific Authorities.--Section 13122(b) of title 5, United States Code, is amended-- (1) in paragraph (14), by striking ``and'' at the end; (2) in paragraph (15), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(16) developing and promulgating rules and regulations to ensure compliance with the Foreign and Domestic Emoluments Enforcement Act, and the amendments made by that Act, including establishing-- ``(A) requirements for reporting and disclosure; ``(B) a schedule of administrative fines that may be imposed by the Director for violations; and ``(C) a process for referral of matters to the Office of Special Counsel for investigation in compliance with section 1216(d).''.

SEC. 1307. JURISDICTION OF THE OFFICE OF SPECIAL COUNSEL.

Section 1216 of title 5, United States Code, is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)-- (A) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and'' at the end; (B) in paragraph (5) by striking the period and inserting ``; and''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(6) any violation of-- ``(A) section 1303 of the Foreign and Domestic Emoluments Enforcement Act; or ``(B) the amendments made by section 1305 of the Foreign and Domestic Emoluments Enforcement Act.''; and (2) by adding at the end the following: ``(d) If the Director of the Office of Government Ethics refers a matter for investigation pursuant to section 13122, or if the Special Counsel receives a credible complaint of a violation described in subsection (a)(6) of this section, the Special Counsel shall complete an investigation not later than 120 days thereafter. If the Special Counsel investigates any violation pursuant to subsection (a)(6), the Special Counsel shall, not later than 7 days after the completion of such investigation, report to the Director of the Office of Government Ethics and to Congress on the results of such investigation.''.

SEC. 1308. RULEMAKING FOR ETHICS REQUIREMENTS FOR LEGAL EXPENSE FUNDS.

(a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Government Ethics shall finalize a rule establishing ethics requirements for the establishment or operation of a legal expense fund for the benefit of the President, the Vice President, or any political appointee (as defined in section 1216(f)(6) of title 5, United States Code, as added by section 2621(a) of this Act), consistent with the requirements of subsection (b). (b) Limitations on Acceptance of Certain Payments.-- (1) In general.--A legal expense fund described in subsection (a) may not accept any contribution or other payment made by-- (A) an individual who is a registered lobbyist under the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.); or (B) an agent of a foreign principal, as defined in section 1 of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended (22 U.S.C. 611). (2) Appropriate remedial action.--In the case of a contribution described in paragraph (1)-- (A) the legal expense fund shall take appropriate remedial action; and (B) the Director of the Office of Government Ethics may assess a fine against the individual or agent of a foreign principal, as defined in section 1 of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended (22 U.S.C. 611), who made, or attempted to make, the contribution or other payment.

SEC. 1309. LIMITATIONS AND DISCLOSURE OF CERTAIN DONATIONS TO, AND DISBURSEMENTS BY, INAUGURAL COMMITTEES.

(a) Requirements for Inaugural Committees.--Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 325. INAUGURAL COMMITTEES.

``(a) Prohibited Donations.-- ``(1) In general.--It shall be unlawful for-- ``(A) an Inaugural Committee-- ``(i) to solicit, accept, or receive a donation from a person that is not an individual; or ``(ii) to solicit, accept, or receive a donation from a foreign national; ``(B) a person-- ``(i) to make a donation to an Inaugural Committee in the name of another person, or to knowingly authorize his or her name to be used to effect such a donation; ``(ii) to knowingly accept a donation to an Inaugural Committee made by a person in the name of another person; or ``(iii) to convert a donation to an Inaugural Committee to personal use as described in paragraph (2); or ``(C) a foreign national to, directly or indirectly, make a donation, or make an express or implied promise to make a donation, to an Inaugural Committee. ``(2) Conversion of donation to personal use.--For purposes of paragraph (1)(B)(iii), a donation shall be considered to be converted to personal use if any part of the donated amount is used-- ``(A) to fulfill a commitment, obligation, or expense of a person that would exist irrespective of the responsibilities of the Inaugural Committee; or ``(B) to benefit the personal business venture of the President or Vice President of the United States, the Inaugural Committee, or an immediate family member of such individuals. ``(3) No effect on disbursement of unused funds to nonprofit organizations.--Nothing in this subsection may be construed to prohibit an Inaugural Committee from disbursing unused funds to an organization which is described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and is exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of such Code. ``(b) Limitation on Donations.-- ``(1) In general.--It shall be unlawful for an individual to make donations to an Inaugural Committee which, in the aggregate, exceed $50,000. ``(2) Indexing.--At the beginning of each Presidential election year (beginning with 2028), the amount described in paragraph (1) shall be increased by the cumulative percent difference determined in section 315(c)(1)(A) since the previous Presidential election year. If any amount after such increase is not a multiple of $1,000, such amount shall be rounded to the nearest multiple of $1,000. ``(c) Disclosure of Certain Donations and Disbursements.-- ``(1) Donations over $1,000.-- ``(A) In general.--An Inaugural Committee shall file with the Commission a report disclosing any donation by an individual to the committee in an amount of $1,000 or more not later than 24 hours after the receipt of such donation. ``(B) Contents of report.--A report filed under subparagraph (A) shall contain-- ``(i) the amount of the donation; ``(ii) the date the donation is received; and ``(iii) the name and address of the individual making the donation. ``(2) Final report.--Not later than the date that is 90 days after the date of the Presidential inaugural ceremony, the Inaugural Committee shall file with the Commission a report containing the following information: ``(A) For each donation of money or anything of value made to the committee in an aggregate amount equal to or greater than $200-- ``(i) the amount of the donation; ``(ii) the date the donation is received; and ``(iii) the name and address of the individual making the donation. ``(B) The total amount of all disbursements, and all disbursements in the following categories: ``(i) Disbursements made to meet committee operating expenses. ``(ii) Repayment of all loans. ``(iii) Donation refunds and other offsets to donations. ``(iv) Any other disbursements. ``(C) The name and address of each person-- ``(i) to whom a disbursement in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 is made by the committee to meet a committee operating expense, together with date, amount, and purpose of such operating expense; ``(ii) who receives a loan repayment from the committee, together with the date and amount of such loan repayment; ``(iii) who receives a donation refund or other offset to donations from the committee, together with the date and amount of such disbursement; and ``(iv) to whom any other disbursement in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 is made by the committee, together with the date and amount of such disbursement. ``(d) Definitions.--For purposes of this section: ``(1) Donation.-- ``(A) In general.--The term `donation' includes-- ``(i) any gift, subscription, loan, advance, or deposit of money or anything of value made by any person to the committee; or ``(ii) the payment by any person of compensation for the personal services of another person which are rendered to the committee without charge for any purpose. ``(B) Exception.--The term `donation' does not include the value of services provided without compensation by any individual who volunteers on behalf of the committee. ``(2) Foreign national.--The term `foreign national' has the meaning given that term by section 319(b). ``(3) Immediate family member.--The term `immediate family member' means a parent, parent-in-law, spouse, adult child, or sibling. ``(4) Inaugural committee.--The term `Inaugural Committee' has the meaning given that term by section 501 of title 36, United States Code. ``(e) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be construed to limit the authority of a Federal agency to enforce a Federal law with respect to an Inaugural Committee.''. (b) Confirming Amendments Related to Reporting Requirements.-- (1) Section 304 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30104) is amended-- (A) by striking subsection (h); and (B) by redesignating subsection (i) as subsection (h). (2) Section 309(a)(4)(C)(iv)(I) is amended by striking ``or (i)'' and inserting ``or (h)''. (3) Section 313(c)(4) is amended by striking ``section 304(i)(8)(B)'' and inserting ``section 304(h)(8)(B)''. (c) Conforming Amendment Related to Status of Committee.--Section 510 of title 36, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: ``Sec. 510. Disclosure of and prohibition on certain donations ``A committee shall not be considered to be the Inaugural Committee for purposes of this chapter unless the committee agrees to, and meets, the requirements of section 325 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971.''. (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall apply with respect to Inaugural Committees established under chapter 5 of title 36, United States Code, for inaugurations held in 2029 and any succeeding year.

TITLE XIV--INVESTIGATIVE INTEGRITY PROTECTION

SEC. 1401. SHORT TITLE.

This title may be cited as the ``Investigative Integrity Protection Act''.

SEC. 1402. PRESIDENTIAL OVERSIGHT OF ATTORNEY GENERAL.

(a) In General.--Chapter 31 of title 28, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: ``Sec. 530E. Presidential oversight of Attorney General ``(a) Certification.--In the case of any criminal prosecution against the President or a President-elect, irrespective of when the prosecution was initiated, if the Government seeks dismissal of such prosecution, the court shall require the Attorney General to submit a sworn statement under penalty of perjury attesting as to whether the dismissal was ordered by the President or President-elect, as applicable, or anyone acting pursuant to the direction of the President or President-elect, as applicable. ``(b) Considerations.-- ``(1) In general.--The court shall only grant dismissal under this section if the court determines such dismissal is appropriate and in the interest of justice after having duly considered-- ``(A) the circumstances of the case; ``(B) the sworn statement required by subsection (a); ``(C) any evidence in the record or ex curia, which shall be reflected in the order of the court, to support an inference that the decision to seek dismissal of the prosecution is motivated by bad faith or is a pretext to enable the President or President- elect, as applicable, to act outside of the legal and constitutional authority of the Presidency; and ``(D) any other factor the court determines is appropriate. ``(2) Evidentiary considerations.--Evidence considered under paragraph (1)(C) may include-- ``(A) whether the dismissal was suggested, encouraged, requested, or ordered by the President or President-elect, as applicable; or ``(B) whether the Attorney General was, in the opinion of the court, appointed in whole or in part for the willingness of the Attorney General to dismiss the prosecution or any other criminal prosecution against the President or President-elect, as applicable. ``(c) Three-Judge Court.--Any action seeking dismissal under this section shall be heard by a three-judge court convened pursuant to section 2284. ``(d) Sanctions.--If the court, in making a determination under subsection (b), additionally determines that the motion to dismiss was made without good cause, the court may impose sanctions as appropriate. ``(e) Inspector General Responsibilities.--The Inspector General of the Department of Justice, upon having a good-faith basis to conclude that a motion to dismiss a prosecution against the President or President-elect, as applicable, was brought at the direction of the President or President-elect, as applicable, or anyone acting pursuant to the direction of the President or President-elect, as applicable, shall immediately report such findings to Congress. ``(f) Preservation and Submission of Materials.--If a court grants a dismissal under this section, the Attorney General shall-- ``(1) preserve any materials obtained or prepared by the Department of Justice until the date on which the applicable limitations period expires; and ``(2) submit to the Inspector General of the Department of Justice and to Congress the materials described in paragraph (1).''. (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 31 of title 28, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

``530E. Presidential oversight of Attorney General.''.

DIVISION B--RESTORING CHECKS AND BALANCES, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND TRANSPARENCY

TITLE XXI--ENFORCEMENT OF CONGRESSIONAL SUBPOENAS

SEC. 2101. SHORT TITLE.

This title may be cited as the ``Congressional Subpoena Compliance and Enforcement Act''.

SEC. 2102. ENFORCEMENT OF CONGRESSIONAL SUBPOENAS.

(a) In General.--Chapter 85 of title 28, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 1365 the following: ``Sec. 1365a. Congressional actions against subpoena recipients ``(a) Cause of Action.--The Senate, the House of Representatives, or a committee or subcommittee thereof, may bring a civil action against the recipient of a subpoena issued by a congressional committee or subcommittee to enforce compliance with the subpoena. ``(b) Special Rules.--In any civil action described in subsection (a), the following rules shall apply: ``(1) The action may be filed in a United States district court of competent jurisdiction. ``(2) Notwithstanding section 1657(a), it shall be the duty of every court of the United States to expedite to the greatest possible extent the disposition of any such action and appeal. Upon a showing by the plaintiff of undue delay, other irreparable harm, or good cause, a court to which an appeal of the action may be taken shall issue any necessary and appropriate writs and orders to ensure compliance with this paragraph. ``(3) If a three-judge court is expressly requested by the plaintiff in the initial pleading, the action shall be heard by a three-judge court convened pursuant to section 2284, and shall be reviewable only by appeal directly to the Supreme Court of the United States. Such appeal shall be taken by the filing of a notice of appeal within 10 days, and the filing of a jurisdictional statement within 30 days, of the entry of the final decision. ``(4) The initial pleading shall be accompanied by certification that the party bringing the action has in good faith conferred or attempted to confer with the recipient of the subpoena to secure compliance with the subpoena without court action. ``(c) Penalties.-- ``(1) Cases involving government agencies.-- ``(A) In general.--The court may impose monetary penalties directly against each head of a Government agency and the head of each component thereof held to have knowingly failed to comply with any part of a congressional subpoena, unless-- ``(i) the President instructed the official not to comply; and ``(ii) the President, or the head of the agency or component thereof, submits to the court a letter confirming such instruction and the basis for such instruction. ``(B) Prohibition on use of government funds.--No appropriated funds, funds provided from any accounts in the Treasury, funds derived from the collection of fees, or other Government funds shall be used to pay any monetary penalty imposed by the court pursuant to this paragraph. ``(2) Legal fees.--In addition to any other penalties or sanctions, the court shall require that any defendant, other than a Government agency, held to have willfully failed to comply with any part of a congressional subpoena, pay a penalty in an amount equal to that party's legal fees, including attorney's fees, litigation expenses, and other costs. If such defendant is an officer or employee of a Government agency, such legal fees may be paid from funds appropriated to pay the salary of the defendant. ``(d) Waiver.--Any ground for noncompliance asserted by the recipient of a congressional subpoena shall be deemed to have been waived as to any particular information withheld from production if the court finds that the recipient failed in a timely manner to comply with the applicable requirements of section 105(b) of the Revised Statutes with respect to such information. ``(e) Rules of Procedure.--The Supreme Court of the United States and the Judicial Conference of the United States shall prescribe rules of procedure to ensure the expeditious treatment of actions described in subsection (a). Such rules shall be prescribed and submitted to the Congress pursuant to sections 2072, 2073, and 2074. This shall include procedures for expeditiously considering any assertion of constitutional or Federal statutory privilege made in connection with testimony by any recipient of a subpoena from a congressional committee or subcommittee. The Supreme Court shall transmit such rules to Congress within 6 months after the effective date of this section and then pursuant to section 2074 thereafter. ``(f) Definition.--For purposes of this section, the term `Government agency' means any office or entity described in sections 105 and 106 of title 3, an executive department listed in section 101 of title 5, an independent establishment, commission, board, bureau, division, or office in the executive branch, or any other agency or instrumentality of the Federal Government, including wholly or partly owned Government corporations.''. (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 85 of title 28, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1365 the following:

``1365a. Congressional actions against subpoena recipients.''.

SEC. 2103. COMPLIANCE WITH CONGRESSIONAL SUBPOENAS.

(a) In General.--Chapter 7 of title II of the Revised Statutes (2 U.S.C. 191 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 105. RESPONSE TO CONGRESSIONAL SUBPOENAS.

``(a) Subpoena by Congressional Committee.--Any recipient of any subpoena from a congressional committee or subcommittee shall appear and testify, produce, or otherwise disclose information in a manner consistent with the subpoena and this section. ``(b) Failure To Produce Information.-- ``(1) Grounds for withholding information.--Unless required by the Constitution of the United States or by Federal statute, no claim of privilege or protection from disclosure shall be a ground for withholding information responsive to the subpoena or required by this section. ``(2) Identification of information withheld.--In the case of information that is withheld, in whole or in part, by the subpoena recipient, the subpoena recipient shall, without delay, provide a log containing the following: ``(A) An express assertion and description of the ground asserted for withholding the information. ``(B) The type of information. ``(C) The general subject matter. ``(D) The date, author, and addressee. ``(E) The relationship of the author and addressee to each other. ``(F) The custodian of the information. ``(G) Any other descriptive information that may be produced or disclosed regarding the information that will enable the congressional committee or subcommittee issuing the subpoena to assess the ground asserted for withholding the information. ``(c) Definition.--For purposes of this section, the term `information' includes any books, papers, documents, data, or other objects requested in a subpoena issued by a congressional committee or subcommittee.''. (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents for chapter 7 of title II of the Revised Statutes is amended by adding at the end the following:

``105. Response to congressional subpoenas.''.

SEC. 2104. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

Nothing in this title may be interpreted to limit or constrain Congress' inherent authority or foreclose any other means for enforcing compliance with congressional subpoenas, nor may anything in this title be interpreted to establish or recognize any ground for noncompliance with a congressional subpoena.

SEC. 2105. ENFORCEMENT OF REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION FROM CERTAIN COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS.

Section 2954 of title 5, United States Code, is amended-- (1) by striking ``An Executive'' and inserting ``(a) Submitting Information.--An Executive''; and (2) by adding at the end the following: ``(b) Failure To Comply.--For purposes of remedying any failure to comply with a request under subsection (a), section 1365a of title 28 and section 105 of the Revised Statutes shall apply to such a request in the same manner as such sections 1365a and 105 apply to a subpoena.''.

TITLE XXII--REASSERTING CONGRESSIONAL POWER OF THE PURSE

SEC. 2201. SHORT TITLE.

This title may be cited as the ``Congressional Power of the Purse Act''.

Subtitle A--Strengthening Congressional Control and Review To Prevent Impoundment

SEC. 2221. STRENGTHENING CONGRESSIONAL CONTROL.

(a) In General.--Part B of the Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 682 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``prudent obligation of budget authority and specific requirements for expiring budget authority

``Sec. 1018. (a) Special Message Requirement.--With respect to budget authority proposed to be rescinded or that is set to be reserved or proposed to be deferred in a special message transmitted under section 1012 or 1013, such budget authority-- ``(1) shall be made available for obligation in sufficient time to be prudently obligated as required under section 1012(b) or 1013; and ``(2) may not be deferred or otherwise withheld from obligation during the 90-day period before the expiration of the period of availability of such budget authority, including, if applicable, the 90-day period before the expiration of an initial period of availability for which such budget authority was provided. ``(b) Administrative Requirement.--With respect to an apportionment of an appropriation (as that term is defined in section 1511 of title 31, United States Code) made pursuant to section 1512 of such title, an appropriation shall be apportioned-- ``(1) to make available all amounts for obligation in sufficient time to be prudently obligated; and ``(2) to make available all amounts for obligation, without precondition (including footnotes) that shall be met prior to obligation, not later than 90 days before the expiration of the period of availability of such appropriation, including, if applicable, 90 days before the expiration of an initial period of availability for which such appropriation was provided.''. (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 set forth in section 1(b) of such Act is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1017 the following:

``Sec. 1018. Prudent obligation of budget authority and specific requirements for expiring budget authority.''.

SEC. 2222. STRENGTHENING CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW.

(a) In General.--Part B of the Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 682 et seq.), as amended by section 2221(a), is further amended by adding at the end the following:

``reporting on apportionment of appropriations by departments and agencies

``Sec. 1019. Each department or agency shall-- ``(1) notify the Committee on the Budget and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives, the Committee on the Budget and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, and any other appropriate congressional committees if-- ``(A) an apportionment is not made in the required time period provided in section 1513(b) of title 31, United States Code; ``(B) an approved apportionment received by the department or agency conditions the availability of an appropriation on further action; or ``(C) an approved apportionment received by the department or agency may hinder the prudent obligation of such appropriation or the execution of a program, project, or activity by such department or agency; and ``(2) include in each notification under paragraph (1) information identifying the bureau, account name, appropriation name, and Treasury Appropriation Fund Symbol or fund account.''. (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 set forth in section 1(b) of such Act, as amended by section 2221(b), is further amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1018 the following:

``Sec. 1019. Reporting on apportionment of appropriations by departments and agencies.''.

SEC. 2223. UPDATED AUTHORITIES FOR AND REPORTING BY THE COMPTROLLER GENERAL.

(a) In General.--Section 1015 of the Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 686) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a), in the matter following paragraph (2), by striking the last sentence; and (2) by adding at the end the following: ``(c) Review.-- ``(1) In general.--The Comptroller General shall-- ``(A) review compliance with this part; and ``(B) submit to the Committee on the Budget, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate, the Committee on the Budget, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of the House of Representatives, and any other appropriate congressional committee of the Senate or the House of Representatives a report, and any relevant information related to the report, on any noncompliance with this part. ``(2) Information, documentation, and views.--The President or the head of the relevant department or agency of the United States shall provide information, documentation, and views to the Comptroller General, as is determined by the Comptroller General to be necessary to determine such compliance, not later than 20 days after the date on which the request from the Comptroller General is received, or if the Comptroller General determines that a shorter or longer period is appropriate based on the specific circumstances, within such shorter or longer period. ``(3) Access.--To carry out the responsibilities of this part, the Comptroller General shall have access to interview the officers, employees, contractors, and other agents and representatives of a department, agency, or office of the United States at any reasonable time as the Comptroller General may request.''. (b) Rule of Construction.--Section 1001 of the Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 681) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (3), by striking the ``or'' at the end of the paragraph; (2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; or''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(5) affecting or limiting in any way the authorities provided to the Comptroller General under chapter 7 of title 31, United States Code.''.

SEC. 2224. ADVANCE CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION AND LITIGATION.

Section 1016 of the Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 687) is amended to read as follows:

``suits by comptroller general

``Sec. 1016. (a) In General.--If, under this title, budget authority is required to be made available for obligation and such budget authority is not made available for obligation or information, documentation, views, or access are required to be produced and such information, documentation, views, or access are not produced, the Comptroller General is expressly empowered, through attorneys selected by the Comptroller General, to bring a civil action in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia to require such budget authority to be made available for obligation or such information, documentation, views, or access to be produced. ``(b) Court Authority.--In a civil action under subsection (a), the court is expressly empowered to enter, against any department, agency, officer, or employee of the United States, any decree, judgment, or order which may be necessary or appropriate to make such budget authority available for obligation or compel production of such information, documentation, views, or access. ``(c) Notice.--No civil action shall be brought by the Comptroller General to require budget authority be made available under this section until the expiration of 15 calenda

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