Gun Records Restoration and Preservation Act

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [S. 4776 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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119th CONGRESS 2d Session S. 4776

To repeal certain impediments to the administration of the firearms laws.

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IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

June 11, 2026

Mr. Kim (for himself, Ms. Alsobrooks, Mr. Merkley, Mr. Reed, Ms. Hirono, Ms. Duckworth, Mr. Booker, Mr. Markey, Mr. Blumenthal, Mrs. Gillibrand, Mr. Murphy, Mr. Padilla, and Mr. Durbin) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary

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A BILL

To repeal certain impediments to the administration of the firearms laws.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ``Gun Records Restoration and Preservation Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds as follows: (1) The Tiahrt Amendments prevent the collection of valuable information, and the establishment of effective policies to prevent illegal guns from being used in crimes. (2) The Tiahrt Amendments impede enforcement of the gun laws by requiring most background check records to be destroyed within 24 hours, and by barring the Federal Government from requiring annual inventory audits by owners of gun shops. (3) A 2012 study by researchers at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that the Tiahrt Amendments dramatically increase gun trafficking to the criminal market. (4) A 2016 study from the University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health found that in 2008, 79 percent of all guns recovered by police from crime scenes belonged to someone other than the perpetrator and 30 percent had been stolen. (5) A 2020 analysis from the RAND corporation concluded that the Tiahrt Amendments limit researchers' access to data that provide important insights, such as-- (A) how guns flow from States with less restrictive gun laws to States with more restrictive gun laws; (B) how prohibited purchasers obtain their firearms; (C) the characteristics of straw purchases; and (D) whether more restrictive gun laws create a shortage of firearms for prohibited purchases. (6) Every year, more than 141,000 people are shot in the United States. (7) 2021 was one of the deadliest years on record for the United States, with an estimated 21,000 people killed in firearm homicides or non-suicide related shootings, which is an 8 percent increase over 2020. (8) In 2024, 57 percent of firearm homicide victims were Black and 18 percent of firearm homicide victims were Hispanic. (9) In 2023, the National Tracing Center at the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives processed 500,000 trace requests on firearms from Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies. (10) Having effective policies to prevent illegal gun trafficking makes our families and communities safer. (11) Repealing the Tiahrt Amendments would support law enforcement efforts and give the public vital information needed to craft the most effective policies against illegal guns.

SEC. 3. REPEAL OF CERTAIN LIMITATIONS ON THE USE OF DATABASE INFORMATION OF THE BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVES.

(a) Fiscal Year 2012.--The matter under the heading ``salaries and expenses'' under the heading ``Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives'' in title II of division B of the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2012 (18 U.S.C. 923 note; Public Law 112-55; 125 Stat. 609) is amended by striking the sixth proviso. (b) Fiscal Year 2010.--The sixth proviso under the heading ``salaries and expenses'' under the heading ``Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives'' in title II of division B of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2010 (18 U.S.C. 923 note; Public Law 111-117; 123 Stat. 3128) is amended by striking ``beginning in fiscal year 2010 and thereafter'' and inserting ``in fiscal year 2010''. (c) Fiscal Year 2009.--The sixth proviso under the heading ``salaries and expenses'' under the heading ``Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives'' in title II of division B of the Omnibus Appropriations Act, 2009 (18 U.S.C. 923 note; Public Law 111-8; 123 Stat. 575) is amended by striking ``beginning in fiscal year 2009 and thereafter'' and inserting ``in fiscal year 2009''. (d) Fiscal Year 2008.--The sixth proviso under the heading ``salaries and expenses'' under the heading ``Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives'' in title II of division B of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008 (18 U.S.C. 923 note; Public Law 110-161; 121 Stat. 1903) is amended by striking ``beginning in fiscal year 2008 and thereafter'' and inserting ``in fiscal year 2008''. (e) Fiscal Year 2006.--The sixth proviso under the heading ``salaries and expenses'' under the heading ``Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives'' in title I of the Science, State, Justice, Commerce, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2006 (18 U.S.C. 923 note; Public Law 109-108; 119 Stat. 2295) is amended by striking ``under this or any other Act with respect to any fiscal year'' and inserting ``under this Act''. (f) Fiscal Year 2005.--The sixth proviso under the heading ``salaries and expenses'' under the heading ``Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives'' in title I of division B of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005 (18 U.S.C. 923 note; Public Law 108-447; 118 Stat. 2859) is amended by striking ``under this or any other Act with respect to any fiscal year'' and inserting ``under this Act''.

SEC. 4. ELIMINATION OF PROHIBITION ON PROCESSING OF FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT REQUESTS ABOUT ARSON OR EXPLOSIVES INCIDENTS OR FIREARM TRACES.

Section 644 of division J of the Consolidated Appropriations Resolution, 2003 (5 U.S.C. 552 note; Public Law 108-7; 117 Stat. 473) is repealed.

SEC. 5. REPEAL OF LIMITATIONS ON IMPOSITION OF REQUIREMENT THAT FIREARMS DEALERS CONDUCT PHYSICAL CHECK OF FIREARMS INVENTORY.

The fifth proviso under the heading ``salaries and expenses'' under the heading ``Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives'' in title II of division B of the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2013 (18 U.S.C. 923 note; Public Law 113-6; 127 Stat. 248) is amended by striking ``and any fiscal year thereafter''.

SEC. 6. ELIMINATION OF PROHIBITION ON CONSOLIDATION OR CENTRALIZATION IN THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE OF FIREARMS ACQUISITION AND DISPOSITION RECORDS MAINTAINED BY FEDERAL FIREARMS LICENSEES.

The matter under the heading ``salaries and expenses'' under the heading ``Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives'' in title II of division B of the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2012 (18 U.S.C. 923 note; Public Law 112-55; 125 Stat. 609) is amended-- (1) by striking the first proviso; and (2) in the second proviso, by striking ``further''.

SEC. 7. REPEAL OF REQUIREMENT TO DESTROY INSTANT CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK RECORDS WITHIN 24 HOURS.

Section 511 of the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2012 (34 U.S.C. 40901 note; Public Law 112-55; 125 Stat. 632) is amended-- (1) by striking ``--'' and all that follows through ``(1)''; and (2) by striking the semicolon and all that follows and inserting a period. <all>