Agricultural Act of 2026

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [S. 5526 Reported in Senate (RS)]

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Calendar No. 683 119th CONGRESS 2d Session S. 5526

To provide for the reform and continuation of agricultural and other programs of the Department of Agriculture through fiscal year 2031, and for other purposes.

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IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

September 24, 2026

Mr. Boozman, from the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, reported the following original bill; which was read twice and placed on the calendar

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A BILL

To provide for the reform and continuation of agricultural and other programs of the Department of Agriculture through fiscal year 2031, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Agricultural Act of 2026''. (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2. Definitions. TITLE I--COMMODITIES

Subtitle A--Commodity Policy

Sec. 1101. Suspension of permanent price support authority. Sec. 1102. Servicing of loans. Sec. 1103. Certification of average adjusted gross income by enrolled agents. Sec. 1104. Commodity Credit Corporation records, reports, and data. Sec. 1105. Storage facility loans. Sec. 1106. Strengthening domestic food production supply chains. Sec. 1107. Dry edible beans study. Sec. 1108. Additional base acres. Subtitle B--Dairy

Sec. 1201. Reauthorizations. Sec. 1202. Mandatory reporting of dairy product processing costs. Sec. 1203. Dairy reports. Sec. 1204. Dairy margin coverage. Subtitle C--Supplemental Agricultural Disaster Assistance

Sec. 1301. Noninsured crop disaster assistance program. Sec. 1302. Supplemental agricultural disaster assistance. Sec. 1303. Tree assistance program. Sec. 1304. Specialty crop emergency assistance framework. Sec. 1305. Assistance in the form of block grants. Subtitle D--Administration

Sec. 1401. Regulations. Sec. 1402. Technical correction. Sec. 1403. Implementation. TITLE II--CONSERVATION

Subtitle A--Conservation Reserve Program

Sec. 2101. Conservation reserve. Sec. 2102. Conservation reserve enhancement program. Sec. 2103. Farmable wetland program. Sec. 2104. Duties of the Secretary. Sec. 2105. Payments. Subtitle B--Environmental Quality Incentives Program

Sec. 2201. Definitions. Sec. 2202. Establishment and administration. Sec. 2203. Limitation on payments. Sec. 2204. Conservation innovation grants and payments. Subtitle C--Conservation Stewardship Program

Sec. 2301. Conservation stewardship program. Sec. 2302. Duties of the Secretary. Subtitle D--Funding and Administration

Sec. 2401. Funding. Sec. 2402. Conservation standards and requirements. Sec. 2403. Establishment and review of conservation practice standards. Sec. 2404. Delivery of technical assistance. Sec. 2405. Administrative requirements for conservation programs. Sec. 2406. Temporary administration of conservation programs. Sec. 2407. Prohibition on conservation payments benefitting foreign countries of concern. Subtitle E--Agricultural Conservation Easement Program

Sec. 2501. Definitions. Sec. 2502. Agricultural land easements. Sec. 2503. Wetland reserve easements. Sec. 2504. Administration. Sec. 2505. Adjusted gross income limitation. Subtitle F--Regional Conservation Partnership Program

Sec. 2601. Establishment and purposes. Sec. 2602. Inclusion of emergency watershed program as a covered program. Sec. 2603. Definitions. Sec. 2604. Regional conservation partnerships. Sec. 2605. Assistance to producers. Sec. 2606. Funding. Sec. 2607. Critical conservation areas. Subtitle G--Forest Conservation Easement Program

Sec. 2701. Forest Conservation Easement Program. Sec. 2702. Healthy forests reserve program. Subtitle H--Other Conservation Programs

Sec. 2801. Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act. Sec. 2802. Emergency conservation programs. Sec. 2803. Feral swine eradication and control program. Sec. 2804. Conservation of private grazing land. Sec. 2805. State conservation assistance. Sec. 2806. Natural Resources Conservation Service initiative. TITLE III--TRADE

Subtitle A--Food for Peace Act

Sec. 3101. United States policy. Sec. 3102. Food aid quality assurance. Sec. 3103. Repeal of minimum levels of assistance. Sec. 3104. Food Aid Consultative Group. Sec. 3105. Program oversight, monitoring, and evaluation. Sec. 3106. International food relief partnership. Sec. 3107. Use of Commodity Credit Corporation. Sec. 3108. Technical corrections and administrative provisions. Sec. 3109. Expiration date. Sec. 3110. Minimum level of nonemergency food assistance. Sec. 3111. Micronutrient fortification programs. Sec. 3112. Plan and transfer of functions of Food for Peace to Department of Agriculture. Sec. 3113. John Ogonowski and Doug Bereuter Farmer-to-Farmer Program. Subtitle B--Agricultural Trade Act of 1978

Sec. 3201. Preserving foreign markets for goods using common names. Sec. 3202. Technical assistance to improve infrastructure in foreign markets for United States agricultural commodities. Sec. 3203. Report on competitiveness of United States exports of specialty crops. Sec. 3204. Definition of specialty crops. Sec. 3205. Agricultural trade promotion and facilitation. Sec. 3206. Interagency seasonal and perishable fruits and vegetable working group. Subtitle C--Other Agricultural Trade Laws

Sec. 3301. Food for Progress Act of 1985. Sec. 3302. Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust Act. Sec. 3303. McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition Program. Sec. 3304. International agricultural education fellowship program. Sec. 3305. International agriculture cultural immersion and exchange program. Sec. 3306. International food security technical assistance. Sec. 3307. Global Crop Diversity Trust. Sec. 3308. Local and regional food aid procurement projects. Subtitle D--Reports

Sec. 3401. Report on the domestic competitiveness of United States- grown agricultural commodities. Sec. 3402. Report on international shrimp trade. TITLE IV--NUTRITION

Subtitle A--Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Sec. 4101. Eligible food. Sec. 4102. State cost share delay. Sec. 4103. Food distribution program on Indian reservations. Sec. 4104. Support for wireless and mobile equipment for certain entities. Sec. 4105. Prohibited fees. Sec. 4106. Permanent authority for online purchasing. Sec. 4107. Enhanced cybersecurity for SNAP. Sec. 4108. Approval of retail food stores and wholesale food concerns. Sec. 4109. Streamlining applications for farmers. Sec. 4110. Administrative processes for retailers. Sec. 4111. Animal protein as eligible incentive food. Sec. 4112. Staffing flexibility. Sec. 4113. Quality control improvements. Sec. 4114. Authorization of appropriations. Sec. 4115. Retail food store and recipient trafficking. Sec. 4116. The Emergency Food Assistance Program. Sec. 4117. Dairy nutrition incentive program. Subtitle B--Commodity Distribution Programs

Sec. 4201. Delivering for rural seniors. Sec. 4202. Commodity distribution program. Sec. 4203. Commodity supplemental food program. Sec. 4204. Distribution of surplus commodities to special nutrition projects. Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

Sec. 4301. Seniors farmers' market nutrition program. Sec. 4302. Purchase of fresh fruits and vegetables for distribution to schools and service institutions. Sec. 4303. Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program reauthorization. Sec. 4304. Buy American requirements. Sec. 4305. Dietary guidelines. Sec. 4306. Food loss and waste reduction liaison annual report. Sec. 4307. Healthy food financing initiative. Sec. 4308. Option for purchasing TEFAP through DoD Fresh. Sec. 4309. Technical corrections. TITLE V--CREDIT

Subtitle A--Farm Credit System

Sec. 5101. Extension of credit to businesses providing services to producers or harvesters of aquatic products. Sec. 5102. Export finance authority. Sec. 5103. Support for rural water systems. Sec. 5104. Financing for essential rural community facilities. Sec. 5105. Limitation on rural business investment companies. Sec. 5106. Loan guarantees. Sec. 5107. Standards for qualified loans. Sec. 5108. Study on rural home mortgage credit. Subtitle B--Farm Ownership and Operating Loans

Sec. 5201. Limitations on loan amounts. Sec. 5202. Inflation percentage. Sec. 5203. Precision agriculture under the conservation loan and loan guarantee program. Sec. 5204. Down payment loan program. Sec. 5205. Persons eligible for loans. Sec. 5206. Refinancing of bridge loans. Sec. 5207. Support for resolving ownership and succession issues relating to farmland. Sec. 5208. Limitation on microloan amounts. Sec. 5209. Cooperative lending pilot projects. Sec. 5210. Refinancing of guaranteed loans into direct loans. Sec. 5211. Pilot projects for preapproval of direct farm ownership loans. Sec. 5212. Definition of qualified beginning farmer or rancher. Sec. 5213. Use of additional funds for direct operating microloans under certain conditions. Sec. 5214. State agricultural mediation programs. Sec. 5215. Prompt approval of loans and loan guarantees. Sec. 5216. Farm operating loans for commercial fishing. Subtitle C--Administrative Provisions

Sec. 5301. Beginning farmer and rancher individual development accounts pilot program. Sec. 5302. Loan authorization levels. Sec. 5303. Loan fund set-asides. Sec. 5304. Temporary prohibition of loans to borrowers that have received debt forgiveness. Sec. 5305. Technical corrections. TITLE VI--RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Subtitle A--Rural Electrification Act of 1936

PART I--Rural Broadband Access

Sec. 6101. Streamlining broadband authorities. Sec. 6102. Expansion of middle mile infrastructure into rural areas. Sec. 6103. Community Connect Grant Program. Sec. 6104. Last mile broadband deployment. PART II--Additional Amendments

Sec. 6111. Guarantees for bonds and notes issued for utility infrastructure purposes. Sec. 6112. Rural development loans and grants. Sec. 6113. Expansion of 911 access. Sec. 6114. Rural Utilities Service electric programs. Subtitle B--Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act

Sec. 6201. Water, waste disposal, and wastewater facility grants. Sec. 6202. SEARCH grants. Sec. 6203. Rural water, wastewater, and waste disposal facility direct loans. Sec. 6204. Rural water and wastewater technical assistance and training programs. Sec. 6205. Rural water and wastewater circuit rider program. Sec. 6206. Rural water and wastewater cybersecurity circuit rider program. Sec. 6207. Tribal college and university essential community facilities. Sec. 6208. Essential community facilities technical assistance and training. Sec. 6209. Emergency preparedness, response, and recovery technical assistance program. Sec. 6210. Assistance to provide water and wastewater services in financially distressed rural areas. Sec. 6211. Community facilities direct and guaranteed loans for health care services. Sec. 6212. Community Facilities Relending Program. Sec. 6213. Emergency and imminent community water assistance grant program. Sec. 6214. Additional assistance for rural water systems. Sec. 6215. Water systems for rural and native villages in Alaska. Sec. 6216. Rural decentralized water systems. Sec. 6217. Healthy drinking water affordability assistance program. Sec. 6218. Solid waste management grants. Sec. 6219. Rural business development grants. Sec. 6220. Rural cooperative development grants. Sec. 6221. Locally or regionally produced agricultural products. Sec. 6222. Appropriate technology transfer for rural areas program. Sec. 6223. Rural economic area partnership zones. Sec. 6224. Intermediary relending program. Sec. 6225. Lender fees in guaranteed loan programs; rural water refinancing improvements. Sec. 6226. Definition of rural and rural area. Sec. 6227. Streamlining review. Sec. 6228. Rural Business-Cooperative Service programs technical assistance and training. Sec. 6229. National Rural Development Partnership. Sec. 6230. Grants for NOAA weather radio transmitters. Sec. 6231. Rural microentrepreneur assistance program. Sec. 6232. Health care services. Sec. 6233. Strategic community investment plans. Sec. 6234. Rural innovation stronger economy grant program. Sec. 6235. Rural Development Innovation Center. Sec. 6236. Rural business investment program. Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

PART I--Rural Care Economy

Sec. 6301. Improving the rural care economy; prioritizations. Sec. 6302. Rural hospital revitalization. Sec. 6303. Rural health care facility assistance. PART II--Other Miscellaneous Provisions

Sec. 6311. Distance learning and telemedicine. Sec. 6312. Agriculture Innovation Center Demonstration Program. Sec. 6313. Rural Energy Savings Program. Sec. 6314. Interagency task force on outdoor recreation coordination. Sec. 6315. New, mobile, and expanded meat and poultry processing and rendering grants. Sec. 6316. Annual efficiency report. TITLE VII--RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND RELATED MATTERS

Subtitle A--National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977

Sec. 7101. National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board. Sec. 7102. Specialty crop committee. Sec. 7103. Veterinary medicine loan repayment. Sec. 7104. Veterinary services grant program. Sec. 7105. Grants and fellowships for food and agriculture sciences education. Sec. 7106. Agricultural and food policy research centers. Sec. 7107. Education grants to Alaska Native serving institutions and Native Hawaiian serving institutions. Sec. 7108. Nutrition education program. Sec. 7109. Continuing animal health and disease research programs. Sec. 7110. Extension at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee University. Sec. 7111. Agricultural research at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee University. Sec. 7112. David A. Scott Scholarship Program for Students at 1890 Institutions. Sec. 7113. Grants to upgrade agricultural and food sciences facilities at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee University. Sec. 7114. Grants to upgrade agriculture and food sciences facilities and equipment at insular area land-grant institutions. Sec. 7115. New beginning for Tribal students. Sec. 7116. Hispanic-serving institutions. Sec. 7117. Binational agricultural research and development. Sec. 7118. International agriculture partnerships and grants program. Sec. 7119. Research equipment grants. Sec. 7120. University research. Sec. 7121. Cooperative extension service. Sec. 7122. Supplemental and alternative crops. Sec. 7123. New Era Rural Technology Program. Sec. 7124. Capacity building grants for NLGCA institutions. Sec. 7125. Agriculture Advanced Research and Development Authority. Sec. 7126. Capacity building grants for community college agriculture and natural resources programs. Sec. 7127. Aquaculture assistance programs. Sec. 7128. Rangeland research programs. Sec. 7129. Special authorization for biosecurity planning and response. Sec. 7130. Distance education and resident instruction grants program for insular area institutions of higher education. Sec. 7131. Limitation on certain research in countries of concern. Subtitle B--Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990

Sec. 7201. Best utilization of biological applications. Sec. 7202. Integrated management systems. Sec. 7203. Sustainable agriculture technology development and transfer program. Sec. 7204. National training program. Sec. 7205. National Genetics Resources Program. Sec. 7206. National Agricultural Weather Information System. Sec. 7207. Agricultural genome to phenome initiative. Sec. 7208. High-priority research and extension initiatives. Sec. 7209. Organic agriculture research and extension initiative. Sec. 7210. Farm business management. Sec. 7211. Urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural production research, education, and extension initiative. Sec. 7212. Centers of Excellence at 1890 Institutions. Sec. 7213. Assistive technology program for farmers with disabilities. Sec. 7214. National Rural Information Center Clearinghouse. Subtitle C--Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998

Sec. 7301. National food safety training, education, extension, outreach, and technical assistance program. Sec. 7302. Integrated research, education, and extension competitive grants program. Sec. 7303. Support for research regarding diseases of wheat, triticale, and barley caused by Fusarium graminearum or by Tilletia indica. Sec. 7304. Grants for youth organizations. Sec. 7305. Specialty crop research initiative. Sec. 7306. Food Animal Residue Avoidance Database program. Sec. 7307. Forestry products advanced utilization research. Sec. 7308. Agriculture grants for veteran education and training services. Sec. 7309. National biochar research network. Subtitle D--Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008

PART I--Agricultural Security

Sec. 7401. Agricultural biosecurity communication center. Sec. 7402. Assistance to build local capacity in agricultural biosecurity planning, preparation, and response. Sec. 7403. Research and development of agricultural countermeasures. Sec. 7404. Agricultural biosecurity grant program. PART II--Miscellaneous Provisions

Sec. 7411. Grazinglands research laboratory. Sec. 7412. Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Network. Sec. 7413. Natural products research program. Sec. 7414. Sun grant program. Subtitle E--Other Matters

Sec. 7501. Agricultural and food law research. Sec. 7502. Critical Agricultural Materials Act. Sec. 7503. Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994. Sec. 7504. Report on the extension service needs of Tribal lands and populations. Sec. 7505. Restoration of 4-H name and emblem authority. Sec. 7506. Amendments to the Hatch Act. Sec. 7507. Amendment to Smith-Lever Act. Sec. 7508. Agriculture and Food Research Initiative. Sec. 7509. Extension Design and Demonstration Initiative. Sec. 7510. Biomass research and development. Sec. 7511. Renewable Resources Extension Act of 1978. Sec. 7512. National Aquaculture Act of 1980. Sec. 7513. Federal agriculture research facilities. Sec. 7514. Enhanced use lease authority program. Sec. 7515. Agricultural security and durability initiative. Sec. 7516. Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research. TITLE VIII--FORESTRY

Subtitle A--Forest Data Modernization

Sec. 8101. Forest inventory and analysis strategic plan. Sec. 8102. Forest inventory and analysis program blue ribbon panel. Subtitle B--Forest Health and Management

Sec. 8201. Definitions. PART I--Forest Service Management

Sec. 8211. Hazardous fuel reduction on Federal land. Sec. 8212. Insect infestations and related diseases. Sec. 8213. Insect and disease treatment areas. Sec. 8214. Collaborative restoration project. Sec. 8215. Wildfire resilience project size. Sec. 8216. Greater sage-grouse and mule deer habitat. Sec. 8217. Fuel breaks in forests and other wildland vegetation. Sec. 8218. Categorical exclusion for high-priority hazard trees. Sec. 8219. Categorical exclusion for electric utility lines rights-of- way. Sec. 8220. Consultation under certain land and resource management plans and land use plans. Sec. 8221. Forest Service participation in ACES program. Sec. 8222. Timber sales on National Forest System land. Sec. 8223. Prairie dog management. PART II--State and Private Partnerships

Sec. 8231. Support for State assessments and strategies for forest resources. Sec. 8232. State and private forest landscape-scale restoration program. Sec. 8233. Promoting cross-boundary wildfire mitigation. Sec. 8234. Extension of stewardship contracting maximum term limits. Sec. 8235. Water source protection program. Sec. 8236. Watershed condition framework improvements. Sec. 8237. Authorization for lease of Forest Service sites. Sec. 8238. Modification of good neighbor authority. Sec. 8239. Collaborative forest landscape restoration program. Sec. 8240. Joint Chiefs Landscape Restoration Partnership program. PART III--Timber Innovation

Sec. 8251. Wood innovations grant program. Sec. 8252. Community Wood Facilities Grant Program. Sec. 8253. Report on use of mass timber in construction of Department of Agriculture facilities and other Federal structures. Sec. 8254. Forest and wood products data tracker. Subtitle C--Forest Conservation

Sec. 8301. Semiarid agroforestry research center. Sec. 8302. Forest Service Legacy Road and Trail Remediation program. Subtitle D--Land Designations

Sec. 8401. Chester County reversionary and mineral interests release. Sec. 8402. Rough Mountain Wilderness and Rich Hole Wilderness designations. Sec. 8403. Conveyance of specified Forest Service property to Perry County, Arkansas. Sec. 8404. Okhissa Lake rural economic development land conveyance. Sec. 8405. Lake Winnibigoshish land exchange. Sec. 8406. Release of reversionary interest, Black River State Forest, Wisconsin. Sec. 8407. Shawnee National Forest conservation. Sec. 8408. Shenandoah Mountain. Sec. 8409. Flatside Wilderness additions. Sec. 8410. Talladega National Forest boundary modification. Sec. 8411. Benton MacKaye National Scenic Trail feasibility study. Sec. 8412. Relocation of memorial honoring the 9 Air Force crew members who lost their lives in an airplane crash during a training mission on August 31, 1982. Sec. 8413. Appraisals. Subtitle E--White Oak Resilience

Sec. 8501. White Oak Restoration Initiative Coalition. Sec. 8502. Forest Service pilot program. Sec. 8503. White oak regeneration and upland oak habitat. Sec. 8504. Tree nursery shortages. Subtitle F--Other Matters

Sec. 8601. National Forest Foundation Act. Sec. 8602. Rural revitalization technologies. Sec. 8603. Resource advisory committees. Sec. 8604. Tribal forest protection management. Sec. 8605. Civilian Conservation Centers. Sec. 8606. Permits and agreements with electrical utilities. Sec. 8607. Exemption for previously analyzed areas of National Forest System land. Sec. 8608. Alignment of Farm Service Agency and Forest Service drought response. Sec. 8609. Rural fire prevention and control. Sec. 8610. Safety standards for wildland firefighters. Sec. 8611. Technical corrections. TITLE IX--ENERGY

Sec. 9001. Definition of advanced biofuel. Sec. 9002. Biobased markets program. Sec. 9003. Biorefinery, renewable chemical, biobased product manufacturing, and sustainable aviation fuel assistance. Sec. 9004. Bioproduct labeling terminology. Sec. 9005. Bioenergy program for advanced biofuels. Sec. 9006. Biodiesel fuel education program. Sec. 9007. Rural Energy for America Program. Sec. 9008. Feedstock flexibility program for bioenergy producers. Sec. 9009. Biomass crop assistance program. Sec. 9010. Carbon utilization and biogas education program. Sec. 9011. Sustainable aviation fuels strategy. Sec. 9012. Leveraging efficiency awareness for pumping systems. Sec. 9013. Technical corrections. TITLE X--HORTICULTURE

Subtitle A--Horticulture Marketing and Information

Sec. 10101. Marketing orders. Sec. 10102. Specialty crops market news allocation. Sec. 10103. Local agriculture market program. Sec. 10104. Acer access and development program. Sec. 10105. National organic program. Sec. 10106. National organic certification cost-share program. Sec. 10107. Food safety education initiatives. Sec. 10108. National Plant Diagnostic Network. Sec. 10109. Specialty crop block grants. Sec. 10110. Organic inputs verification. Sec. 10111. Office of Urban Agriculture and Innovative Production. Sec. 10112. National organic program oversight protocols and inspection requirements. Sec. 10113. Study on barriers to participation in Department of Agriculture programs faced by certified organic farms and farms interested in transitioning to organic production. Sec. 10114. Strengthening Local Food Security Program. Subtitle B--Regulatory Reform

Sec. 10201. Biostimulants. Sec. 10202. Soil health study. Sec. 10203. FIFRA interagency working group. Sec. 10204. Interstate movement outside of the continental United States. Sec. 10205. Construction projects to support emergency plant health response efforts. Sec. 10206. Agriculture quarantine and inspection program reserve fee. Sec. 10207. Registration review. Sec. 10208. Office of Pest Management Policy. Sec. 10209. Coordination. Sec. 10210. Multiple crop and pesticide use survey. Sec. 10211. Office of Biotechnology Policy. Sec. 10212. National Clean Plant Network. Sec. 10213. Proper administration of the definition of specialty crop. TITLE XI--CROP INSURANCE

Sec. 11001. Definition of specialty crop. Sec. 11002. Management of Corporation. Sec. 11003. Identification of holders of substantial interests. Sec. 11004. Restoration of final agency determinations. Sec. 11005. Coverage of revenue losses. Sec. 11006. Yield determinations. Sec. 11007. Crop insurance support for beginning and veteran farmers and ranchers. Sec. 11008. Marketability. Sec. 11009. Reimbursement rates for administrative and operating costs. Sec. 11010. Quality loss adjustment coverage. Sec. 11011. Limitation on farm program participation. Sec. 11012. Pilot program to review effectiveness of coverage penalty. Sec. 11013. Program compliance and integrity. Sec. 11014. Whole farm improvements. Sec. 11015. Research and development. Sec. 11016. Risk management study for lamb. Sec. 11017. Report on standard reinsurance agreement. TITLE XII--MISCELLANEOUS

Subtitle A--Livestock

Sec. 12101. Animal importation inspections. Sec. 12102. Animal disease prevention and management. Sec. 12103. Engagement with export markets. Sec. 12104. Report on support for livestock and poultry producers during a foreign animal disease outbreak. Sec. 12105. Additional training facilities. Sec. 12106. Allowed interest of livestock auction owners in meatpacking businesses. Sec. 12107. Hazard analysis and critical control point guidance and resources for small and very small poultry and meat establishments. Sec. 12108. National Poultry Improvement Plan. Sec. 12109. U.S. Swine Health Improvement Plan. Sec. 12110. Interstate internet sales of certain State-inspected meat and poultry. Sec. 12111. Outreach on Cooperative Interstate Shipment. Sec. 12112. Livestock and meat marketing study. Sec. 12113. Country of origin labeling for beef. Subtitle B--National Security

Sec. 12201. Definitions; organizational updates. Sec. 12202. Reporting requirements. Sec. 12203. Civil penalties. Sec. 12204. Investigative actions. Sec. 12205. Public inspection. Sec. 12206. Secretarial reports. Sec. 12207. Office of Homeland Security, Department of Agriculture. Sec. 12208. Assessment of cybersecurity threats and security vulnerabilities in the agriculture and food critical infrastructure sector. Subtitle C--Fertilizer

Sec. 12301. Crop input reporting. Sec. 12302. Fertilizer research. Sec. 12303. Fertilizer mandatory reporting. Subtitle D--United States Grain Standards Reauthorization

Sec. 12401. Prioritizing improvements to grain grading technology. Sec. 12402. Additional flexibilities. Sec. 12403. Investment authority. Sec. 12404. Administrative and supervisory costs. Sec. 12405. General authorities. Sec. 12406. Reporting requirements. Sec. 12407. Improving advisory committee nominations efficiency and continuity. Sec. 12408. Reauthorization of other expiring provisions. Subtitle E--Year-Round E15 and RFS Reform

Sec. 12501. Year-Round E15 and RFS Reform. Subtitle F--Other Miscellaneous Provisions

Sec. 12601. Protecting animals with shelter. Sec. 12602. Importation of live dogs. Sec. 12603. Dairy business innovation initiatives. Sec. 12604. Country of origin labeling for cooked king crab and tanner crab and cooked and canned salmon. Sec. 12605. Country of origin and method of production labeling for fish. Sec. 12606. Establishment of Office of Seafood. Sec. 12607. Study and report on expanding seafood processing capacity. Sec. 12608. Office of Small Farms. Sec. 12609. Innovative feed enhancement. Sec. 12610. Codifying useful regulatory definitions. Sec. 12611. Cattle Fever Tick Eradication Program review and report. Sec. 12612. Qualified renewable biomass. Sec. 12613. Promoting precision agriculture. Sec. 12614. Farming opportunities training and outreach. Sec. 12615. Improvements to United States Drought Monitor. Sec. 12616. Whole milk under the school breakfast program. Sec. 12617. Commission on Rural Maternal Health. Sec. 12618. Cost-share grants for rollover protection structures. Sec. 12619. Improving whistleblower protections under the Commodity Exchange Act.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

In this Act: (1) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the Department of Agriculture. (2) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Agriculture.

TITLE I--COMMODITIES

Subtitle A--Commodity Policy

SEC. 1101. SUSPENSION OF PERMANENT PRICE SUPPORT AUTHORITY.

Section 1602 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9092) is amended by striking ``2023'' each place it appears and inserting ``2031''.

SEC. 1102. SERVICING OF LOANS.

(a) Marketing Assistance Loans.--Section 1204 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9034) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(j) Effect of Lapse in Appropriations.--The servicing of a marketing assistance loan under section 1201 by an officer or employee of the Department of Agriculture shall be deemed, for purposes of section 1342 of title 31, United States Code, services for emergencies involving the safety of human life or the protection of property.''. (b) Loans Under Sugar Program.--Section 156(d) of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7272(d)) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(4) Effect of lapse in appropriations.--The servicing of a loan under this section by an officer or employee of the Department shall be deemed, for purposes of section 1342 of title 31, United States Code, services for emergencies involving the safety of human life or the protection of property.''.

SEC. 1103. CERTIFICATION OF AVERAGE ADJUSTED GROSS INCOME BY ENROLLED AGENTS.

Section 1001D of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308-3a) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)(3)(A), by striking ``accountant or attorney'' and inserting ``accountant, an enrolled agent properly licensed to practice as required under rules promulgated under section 330(a) of title 31, United States Code, or an attorney''; and (2) in subsection (c)(1)(A), by inserting ``, an enrolled agent properly licensed to practice as required under rules promulgated under section 330(a) of title 31, United States Code,'' after ``certified public accountant''.

SEC. 1104. COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION RECORDS, REPORTS, AND DATA.

(a) In General.--Section 13 of the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act (15 U.S.C. 714k) is amended-- (1) by striking the section designation and heading and all that follows through ``The Corporation'' in the first sentence and inserting the following:

``SEC. 13. RECORDS, REPORTS, AND DATA.

``(a) Records.--The Corporation''; (2) in subsection (a) (as so designated), in the first sentence, by striking ``account and shall'' and inserting the following: ``account. ``(b) Annual Reports.--The Corporation shall''; (3) in subsection (b) (as so designated)-- (A) in the first sentence, by striking ``forwarded by the Secretary of Agriculture to the President for transmission to the'' and inserting ``transmitted by the Secretary of Agriculture to''; and (B) in the second sentence, by striking ``In addition to the annual report,'' and inserting the following: ``(c) Quarterly Reports.--In addition to the annual reports filed under subsection (b),''; (4) in subsection (c) (as so designated), by striking ``$10,000'' and inserting ``$25,000''; and (5) by adding at the end the following: ``(d) Commodity Estimate Books.-- ``(1) Data.--In addition to the reports under subsections (b) and (c), the Corporation shall biannually submit to Congress a report comprising a Commodity Estimate Book that contains the data included in, and in a format substantially similar to, the Commodity Estimate Books formerly published by the budget division of the Farm Service Agency, which shall contain both actual and estimated years of budgetary data by program and account for the Corporation, including the latest policy assumptions and supporting economic data. ``(2) Public availability.--Each Commodity Estimate Book submitted under paragraph (1) shall be made publicly available in a searchable electronic format on a website maintained by the Department of Agriculture. ``(e) Submission to Congress.--Each report required to be submitted to Congress under this section shall be submitted to-- ``(1) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives; ``(2) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate; ``(3) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and ``(4) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. ``(f) Categorization of Certain Data.--To the extent a report prepared and submitted to Congress under this section includes a description of expenditures made by the Secretary pursuant to section 5, each of those expenditures shall be clearly categorized by the corresponding subsection of section 5 providing the authority for the expenditure.''. (b) Applicability.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall apply to the reports required under section 13 of the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act (15 U.S.C. 714k) beginning with the first calendar year that begins after the date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 1105. STORAGE FACILITY LOANS.

(a) In General.--Section 1614(a) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8789(a)) is amended-- (1) by striking ``funds for producers'' and inserting the following: ``funds for-- ``(1) producers''; (2) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(2) producers to construct or upgrade storage facilities for propane and fertilizer that is primarily used for agricultural production (as defined in section 4279.2 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of enactment of this paragraph)).''. (b) Rulemaking.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall amend part 1436 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations, to reflect the amendments made by subsection (a), including to ensure that, with respect to fertilizer, loans may be made under the Farm Storage Facility Loan Program for, at a minimum, the following: (1) Dry bins and dry flat storage. (2) Fertilizer blenders. (3) Liquid tanks. (4) Anhydrous ammonia pressure vessels. (5) Foundations, electrical systems, conveyors, plumbing, piping, and pumps necessary for the receipt, storage, and removal of fertilizer products.

SEC. 1106. STRENGTHENING DOMESTIC FOOD PRODUCTION SUPPLY CHAINS.

(a) In General.--Subtitle C of title I of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-79; 128 Stat. 688) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1302. STRENGTHENING DOMESTIC FOOD PRODUCTION SUPPLY CHAINS.

``(a) In General.--With respect to any Federal policy that would impact the administration of the programs described in the provisions of law described in this subtitle or any rule, policy, or guidance issued pursuant to such programs, the preservation and strengthening of the domestic production described in subsection (b) shall be a priority objective of the President. ``(b) Domestic Production Described.--The domestic production described in this subsection is the production of an agricultural commodity-- ``(1) described in a program described in subsection (a); and ``(2) from which a food ingredient that serves an important function throughout the domestic food production supply chain is derived.''. (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents for the Agricultural Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-79; 128 Stat. 649) is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1301 the following:

``1302. Strengthening domestic food production supply chains.''.

SEC. 1107. DRY EDIBLE BEANS STUDY.

(a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall contract with 1 or more qualified entities to conduct a study to determine whether the inclusion of dry edible beans as a covered commodity (as defined in section 1111 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9011)) and a loan commodity (as defined in section 1201(a) of that Act (7 U.S.C. 9031(a))) under the programs authorized under subtitles A and B of title I of that Act (7 U.S.C. 9011 et seq.) would provide producers of dry edible beans with an effective safety net. (b) Analysis Required.--The Secretary shall ensure that the 1 or more entities conducting the study required under this section include evaluations and recommendations concerning the appropriate establishment of-- (1) loan rates; (2) reference prices; (3) base acres; (4) payment acres and yields; and (5) other relevant program details to effectuate full inclusion of dry edible beans as a covered commodity and a loan commodity. (c) Report Required.--Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives a report describing the findings of the study required under this section. (d) Mitigation.--There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as necessary to establish a mitigation program under which the Secretary shall reduce stocks-to-use ratios of dry edible beans to achieve and maintain average historical levels.

SEC. 1108. ADDITIONAL BASE ACRES.

Section 1112(e) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9012(e)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1)-- (A) in the first sentence, by striking ``a total of not more than an additional 30,000,000 base acres'' and inserting ``additional base acres''; and (B) by adding at the end the following: ``The total number of additional base acres allocated under this subsection may not exceed the lesser of the number of base acres eligible to be allocated under this subsection during the period beginning on the date of enactment of this subsection and ending on September 1, 2026, less any base acres that owners of farms elect not to receive, and 31,500,000.''; and (2) in paragraph (6)-- (A) by striking ``exceed 30,000,000 acres'' and inserting ``exceed the maximum total number of acres described in paragraph (1)''; and (B) by striking ``equal to 30,000,000 acres'' and inserting ``equal to that maximum total number of acres''.

Subtitle B--Dairy

SEC. 1201. REAUTHORIZATIONS.

(a) Dairy Forward Pricing Program.--Section 1502 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8772) is amended by striking subsection (e). (b) Dairy Indemnity Payment Program.--Section 3 of Public Law 90- 484 (7 U.S.C. 4553) is amended by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2031''. (c) Dairy Promotion and Research Board.--Section 113(e)(2) of the Dairy Production Stabilization Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 4504(e)(2)) is amended by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2031''.

SEC. 1202. MANDATORY REPORTING OF DAIRY PRODUCT PROCESSING COSTS.

Section 273 of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1637b) is amended-- (1) in subsection (b)-- (A) in paragraph (1)-- (i) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking ``and'' at the end; (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and (iii) by adding at the end the following: ``(C) for each manufacturer required to report under subparagraph (A) for any product, require that manufacturer to report production cost and product yield information, as determined by the Secretary, for all products processed in the same facility or facilities.''; and (B) in paragraph (2)(A), by inserting ``products and'' after ``those''; (2) in subsection (c)(3)(B), by inserting ``, subject to subsection (b)(1),'' after ``of information''; (3) in subsection (d)-- (A) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Electronic Reporting''; and inserting ``Reporting''; (B) in paragraph (1)-- (i) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``Electronic reporting'' and inserting ``Reporting''; and (ii) by striking ``this section'' and inserting ``subparagraphs (A) and (B) of subsection (b)(1)''; (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``this section'' and inserting ``subparagraphs (A) and (B) of subsection (b)(1)''; and (D) by adding at the end the following: ``(3) Dairy product processing costs.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of the Agricultural Act of 2026, and every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary shall publish a report containing the information obtained under subsection (b)(1)(C), subject to the conditions described in subsection (b)(2).''. (4) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (f); and (5) by inserting after subsection (d) the following: ``(e) Regulation.--Any actions taken by the Secretary under this section shall not be subject to review under Executive Order 12866 (5 U.S.C. 601 note; relating to regulatory planning and review) or any successor order.''.

SEC. 1203. DAIRY REPORTS.

Section 301(4) of the Dairy and Tobacco Adjustment Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 4514(4)) is amended by striking ``Not later'' and all that follows through ``an annual report'' and inserting ``With respect to each calendar year beginning after the date of enactment of the Agricultural Act of 2026, a report (which shall be submitted not later than 18 months after the last day of each calendar year)''.

SEC. 1204. DAIRY MARGIN COVERAGE.

(a) Termination of Administrative Fee.--Section 1404 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9054) is amended by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following: ``(c) No Fees.--No participating dairy operation shall be required to pay a fee to participate in dairy margin coverage.''. (b) Dairy Margin Coverage Payments.--Section 1406(a)(1)(A) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9056(a)(1)(A)) is amended by striking ``For purposes'' and inserting ``Except in the case of coverage under section 1407(b)(1), for purposes''. (c) Premiums for Dairy Margin Coverage.--Section 1407 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9057) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by inserting ``under subsection (c)'' after ``dairy margin coverage''; (2) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following: ``(b) Premiums and Election.-- ``(1) No premiums for first 6,000,000 pounds of production.--For the first 6,000,000 pounds of milk marketings included in the production history of a participating dairy operation, the participating dairy operation may participate in dairy margin coverage without paying any premium and without making an annual coverage election. ``(2) Producer election.--A participating dairy operation may elect tier II coverage under subsection (c) on an annual basis in a manner prescribed by the Secretary that maximizes participation in dairy margin coverage under tier II.''; and (3) in subsection (g)-- (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``tables contained in subsections (b) and'' and inserting ``table contained in subsection''; and (B) in paragraphs (1) and (2)(B), by striking ``coverage level in a tier'' each place it appears and inserting ``a tier II coverage level under subsection (c)''. (d) Effect of Failure to Pay Premiums.--Section 1408 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9058) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)-- (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``fails to pay the required annual administrative fee under section 1404 or''; (B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``administrative fee or premiums, as the case may be'' and inserting ``premiums''; and (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``until the fees or'' and inserting ``for tier II coverage under section 1407(c) until the''; and (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``administrative fees and''.

Subtitle C--Supplemental Agricultural Disaster Assistance

SEC. 1301. NONINSURED CROP DISASTER ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.

Section 196(c)(2) of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333(c)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(C) Community ditches.-- ``(i) Definition of community ditch.--In this subparagraph, the term `community ditch' means a private, unincorporated or cooperative irrigation ditch system, including an acequia or an unincorporated mutual ditch company. ``(ii) Causes of loss.--On making a determination described in subsection (a)(3) for producers that rely on a community ditch, the Secretary shall provide assistance under this section to those producers from all losses suffered as a result of the causes described in subsection (a)(3).''.

SEC. 1302. SUPPLEMENTAL AGRICULTURAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE.

(a) Definitions.--Section 1501(a)(4)(G) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(a)(4)(G)) is amended by striking ``livestock,'' and inserting ``livestock (including unweaned livestock),''. (b) Livestock Indemnity Payments.--Section 1501(b) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(b)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1)(A), by inserting ``(including Mexican Gray Wolves), panthers,'' after ``wolves''; and (2) by adding at the end the following: ``(6) Weight categories.--For the purposes of establishing weight categories to carry out paragraph (1) with respect to non-adult livestock described in subsection (a)(4)(A), the Secretary shall establish weight categories of-- ``(A) less than 400 pounds; and ``(B) such other weights that are more than 400 pounds as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. ``(7) Required documentation for certain losses.--With respect to eligible attacks by animals or avian predators, the Secretary shall treat documentation showing probability or confirmation of such an attack as sufficient to qualify for payments under this subsection.''. (c) Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honey Bees, and Farm-raised Fish.--Section 1501(d)(2) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(d)(2)) is amended by striking ``reduce losses'' and all that follows through the period at the end and inserting the following: ``reduce-- ``(A) losses caused by feed or water shortages (including transportation costs that are necessary to reduce losses), disease, adverse weather, drought, or other factors, as determined by the Secretary, including inspections of cattle tick fever; and ``(B) winter stockpile grazing losses.''.

SEC. 1303. TREE ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.

Section 1501(e) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(e)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1)-- (A) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``or biennial'' after ``annual''; and (B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``or pest'' after ``insect''; and (2) by adding at the end the following: ``(6) Timing requirements.--An eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower shall agree, as a condition on receipt of assistance under this subsection, to carry out any replacement and rehabilitation activities for which the assistance is provided not later than-- ``(A) 2 years after the application for the assistance is approved; or ``(B) if the period described in subparagraph (A) is not adequate for tree survival, such period as is necessary to ensure tree survival. ``(7) Alternatives used in replanting.-- ``(A) In general.--An eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower that receives assistance under this subsection with respect to tree loss may use the assistance to replant using-- ``(i) an alternative variety from the variety used prior to the loss; ``(ii) an alternative stand density from the stand density used prior to the loss; and ``(iii) an alternative location from the location used prior to the loss. ``(B) Payment limitations with respect to alternatives.--Assistance provided for replanting under subparagraph (A) may not exceed-- ``(i) for a use described in subparagraph (A)(i), the amount the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower would receive if the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower replanted using the variety lost; ``(ii) for a use described in subparagraph (A)(ii), the amount the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower would receive if the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower replanted using the stand density lost; and ``(iii) for a use described in subparagraph (A)(iii), the amount the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower would receive if the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower replanted in the location in which the loss occurred. ``(8) Notice of application status.--Not later than 120 days after receiving an application for assistance under this subsection, the Secretary shall-- ``(A) approve or deny such application; and ``(B) notify the applicant of the approval or denial. ``(9) Initial payments.-- ``(A) In general.--An eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower may opt to receive an initial assistance payment with respect to losses described in paragraph (2) before incurring the costs described in paragraph (3) relating to such losses. ``(B) Amount.--An initial assistance payment under subparagraph (A) shall be in an amount that is equal to the fair market value of the estimated costs described in paragraph (3) that the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower is likely to incur with respect to losses described in paragraph (2), as determined by the Secretary. ``(C) Subsequent payment.-- ``(i) In general.--In the case of an eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower that opts to receive an initial payment under subparagraph (A) with respect to losses described in paragraph (2), the Secretary shall, as soon as practicable after providing such initial payment, provide a subsequent payment to the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower in an amount equal to-- ``(I) the payment amount the eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower would have received with respect to such losses under paragraph (3) or pursuant to paragraph (5); minus ``(II) the initial payment amount provided to such eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower under subparagraph (B) with respect to such losses. ``(ii) Overpayment.--If an initial payment under subparagraph (B) with respect to losses described in paragraph (2) is greater than the amount an eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower would have received under paragraph (3) or pursuant to paragraph (5) for such losses, such eligible orchardist or nursery tree grower shall repay the Secretary the excess amount. ``(D) Sunset.--The authority to make payments under this paragraph shall terminate on September 30, 2035.''.

SEC. 1304. SPECIALTY CROP EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE FRAMEWORK.

(a) In General.--The Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 is amended by inserting after section 196 (7 U.S.C. 7333) the following:

``SEC. 197. SPECIALTY CROP EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE FRAMEWORK.

``(a) In General.--In the case of additional funds made available after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall establish a framework to provide direct assistance to producers of specialty crops the production of which is impacted by an adverse event (including an economic crisis or market disruption), as determined by the Secretary, in accordance with this section. ``(b) Payment Calculation.--In determining a payment calculation for purposes of direct assistance to a producer of specialty crops under subsection (a), the Secretary shall calculate payments based on-- ``(1) the producer's sales of specialty crops for a calendar year that precedes the year in which the adverse event described in such subsection occurred or the average of such sales over a set of consecutive calendar years that precedes the year in which such adverse event occurred, as determined by the Secretary; multiplied by ``(2) a payment factor the Secretary determines, subject to the availability of funds, to address losses of such specialty crops from such adverse event. ``(c) Special Rules.--Subject to subsection (d), in providing direct assistance pursuant to this section, the Secretary shall consider-- ``(1) the higher value of specialty crops relative to other crops; ``(2) the greater input costs required to grow specialty crops relative to other crops; and ``(3) diverse types of legal entities and business structures used by specialty crop producers. ``(d) Limitations.-- ``(1) Total amount.-- ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the total amount of payments received, directly or indirectly, by a person or legal entity (except a qualified pass-through entity) (as such terms are defined in section 1001(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308(a))) for any crop year under this section may not exceed the amount specified in subsection (b) of section 1001 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308), as adjusted pursuant to subsection (i) of such section. ``(B) Exception.--In the case of a person or legal entity with an average gross income (as calculated under subparagraph (B) of section 1001D(b)(4) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308-3a(b)(4))) for which greater than or equal to 75 percent of the average derives from farming, ranching, or silviculture activities (as defined in subparagraph (A) of that section)-- ``(i) subparagraph (A) of this paragraph shall not apply; and ``(ii) the total maximum amount of payments received, directly or indirectly, by such person or legal entity for any crop year under this section shall be set by the Secretary, except such amount may not be less than $900,000. ``(2) Notification of interests; eligibility; denials.-- Sections 1001A(a), 1001B, and 1001C of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308-1(a); 1308-2; 1308-3) shall apply to a producer of a specialty crop under this section in the same manner as such sections apply to a person or legal entity with respect to a covered commodity, except to the extent such sections relate to the application of subsections (b) through (d) of section 1001A of that Act (7 U.S.C. 1308-1). ``(e) Definition of Specialty Crop.--In this section, the term `specialty crop' has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Specialty Crops Competitiveness Act of 2004 (7 U.S.C. 1621 note; Public Law 108-465).''. (b) Payment Limitation Conforming Amendment.--Section 1001D(b) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308-3a(b)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (2)(E), by inserting ``or section 197 of that Act'' before the period at the end; and (2) in paragraph (4)(A)(i)(II), by inserting ``or section 197 of that Act'' before the semicolon.

SEC. 1305. ASSISTANCE IN THE FORM OF BLOCK GRANTS.

(a) In General.--Subtitle E of title I of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1502. ASSISTANCE IN THE FORM OF BLOCK GRANTS.

``(a) In General.--In the case of additional funds made available after the date of the enactment of this section for covered losses, the Secretary may make assistance for such losses available in the form of block grants to States. ``(b) Covered Losses.--In this section, the term `covered losses' means losses-- ``(1) of revenue, quality, or production of crops, trees, bushes, vines, timber, poultry, or livestock as a consequence of a natural disaster (as determined by the Secretary); and ``(2) for which assistance is not available pursuant to any other Federal law.''. (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents for the Agricultural Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-79; 128 Stat. 650) is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1501 the following:

``1502. Assistance in the form of block grants.''.

Subtitle D--Administration

SEC. 1401. REGULATIONS.

Section 1601(c)(2) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9091(c)(2)) is amended by striking ``and section 10109 of that Act'' and inserting ``section 10109 of that Act, and title I of the Agricultural Act of 2026 and the amendments made by that title''.

SEC. 1402. TECHNICAL CORRECTION.

Section 1001E(c) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308- 4(c)) is amended by striking ``Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service'' and inserting ``Farm Service Agency''.

SEC. 1403. IMPLEMENTATION.

Section 1614 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9097) is amended-- (1) in subsection (d)-- (A) in paragraph (1)-- (i) by striking ``pursuant 2 U.S.C. 901(a)'' and inserting ``pursuant to section 251(a) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 901(a))''; and (ii) by striking ``subtitle B'' the first place it appears and all that follows through the period at the end and inserting ``a covered provision of law.''; (B) in paragraph (2)-- (i) by striking ``of subtitles B or C''; and (ii) by striking ``under subtitles B or C'' and inserting ``under the repayment provisions''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(3) Definitions.--In this subsection: ``(A) Covered provision of law.--The term `covered provision of law' means-- ``(i) subtitle B or C or the amendments made by subtitle B or C; ``(ii) the amendments made by subtitle B or C of title I of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (Public Law 115-334; 132 Stat. 4509), except with respect to the assistance provided under sections 1207(c) and 1208; and ``(iii) section 156 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7272). ``(B) Repayment provisions.--The term `repayment provisions' means the repayment requirements under-- ``(i) subtitle B or C; or ``(ii) section 156 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7272).''; (2) in subsection (e)-- (A) in paragraph (1), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking ``Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018'' and inserting ``Agricultural Act of 2026''; (B) in paragraph (2)-- (i) in subparagraph (A), in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking ``Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018'' and inserting ``Agricultural Act of 2026''; and (ii) in subparagraph (B)-- (I) by redesignating clauses (ii) through (viii) as clauses (x) through (xvi), respectively; and (II) by inserting after clause (i) the following: ``(ii) Title I of division N of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (Public Law 117-328; 136 Stat. 5201). ``(iii) Title I of division B of the Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act (Public Law 117-43; 135 Stat. 356). ``(iv) Chapter 1 of subtitle B of title VII of division N of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260; 134 Stat. 2105). ``(v) Title I of division B of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (Public Law 116-136; 134 Stat. 505). ``(vi) Section 791 of division B of the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020 (Public Law 116-94; 133 Stat. 2658). ``(vii) Title I of the Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Act, 2019 (Public Law 116-20; 133 Stat. 871). ``(viii) Title I of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (Public Law 115-334; 132 Stat. 4490). ``(ix) Title I of the Further Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Requirements Act, 2018 (Public Law 115-123; 132 Stat. 65).''; and (3) in subsection (f), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2031''.

TITLE II--CONSERVATION

Subtitle A--Conservation Reserve Program

SEC. 2101. CONSERVATION RESERVE.

(a) In General.--Section 1231(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831(a)) is amended by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2031''. (b) Eligible Land.--Section 1231(b) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831(b)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ``the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018'' and inserting ``the A

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